10 Documents Used in Transportation

Transportation is an essential part of our daily lives, and the documents used in this industry play a crucial role in ensuring the smooth and efficient movement of goods and people. Shipping logistics air travel road transportation, documents used facilitate movement goods people place another. This post, explore 10 10 Documents Used in Transportation importance industry.

1. Bill Lading

The bill of lading is a key document used in the shipping and logistics industry. Serves receipt goods shipped also document title. This important document outlines the details of the shipment, including the type and quantity of goods being transported, the shipper and consignee information, and the terms of the carriage.

2. Air Waybill

When it comes to air transportation, the air waybill is a critical document that serves as a contract of carriage between the shipper and the air carrier. It contains essential information about the consignor and consignee, details of the goods being transported, and the terms and conditions of the carriage.

3. Packing List

A packing list is a detailed document that provides an itemized list of the contents of a shipment. It includes information on the type, quantity, and weight of the goods, as well as packaging details. This document is important for customs clearance and helps in verifying the contents of the shipment.

4. Commercial Invoice

The commercial invoice is a vital document in international trade. Serves bill goods seller buyer used customs purposes. This document contains details of the transaction, including the description and value of the goods, terms of sale, and payment terms.

5. Certificate Origin

The certificate origin document certifies country goods produced. This document is essential for customs clearance and for availing preferential trade agreements. It helps in determining the eligibility of goods for reduced or duty-free treatment under trade agreements.

6. Road Consignment Note

In road transportation, the consignment note is a key document that outlines the details of the goods being transported, the names of the consignor and consignee, and the terms and conditions of the carriage. Document serves receipt goods used tracking tracing purposes.

7. Import License

An import license is a document issued by the relevant authorities that grants permission to the importer to bring specific goods into the country. This document is important for regulatory compliance and is required for importing certain restricted or controlled goods.

8. Export Declaration

The export declaration is a document that provides information about the goods being exported, including details on the exporter, consignee, and the nature of the goods. This document is used for customs clearance and helps in compiling export statistics.

9. Dangerous Goods Declaration

For the transportation of hazardous materials, the dangerous goods declaration is a crucial document that provides information about the nature, quantity, and handling instructions for the hazardous goods being transported. This document is essential for ensuring the safe and compliant transport of dangerous goods.

10. Freight Insurance Certificate

Freight insurance is an important aspect of transportation, and the freight insurance certificate is a document that provides evidence of insurance coverage for the goods being transported. This document offers protection against loss or damage during transit and provides peace of mind to the parties involved in the transportation process.

Conclusion, 10 Documents Used in Transportation play vital role facilitating movement goods people place another. These documents ensure the smooth and efficient transportation of goods and help in complying with regulatory requirements. Importance documents essential stakeholders involved transportation industry.

 

10 Legal Questions 10 Documents Used in Transportation

Question	Answer
1. What bill lading purpose serve?	A bill lading document serves receipt goods carrier shipper. Also functions contract transportation goods. Document essential shipper carrier outlines terms transportation agreement.
2. What is a freight invoice and why is it important in transportation?	A freight invoice is a billing document that outlines the charges for the transportation of goods. Important provides clear record costs transportation serves legal document payment auditing purposes.
3. What proof delivery documents necessary?	Proof of delivery documents, such as delivery receipts or signed bills of lading, are crucial in transportation as they provide evidence that the goods were delivered to the intended recipient. Documents protect shipper carrier case disputes delivery.
4. What is a commercial invoice and why is it important in international transportation?	A commercial invoice is a document that details the transaction between the buyer and seller of goods. It is essential in international transportation as it is used for customs clearance and provides a record of the value of goods for taxation and regulatory purposes.
5. What packing list impact transportation?	A packing list is a document that itemizes the contents of a shipment. It is important in transportation as it aids in the verification of goods upon receipt and helps ensure that the correct items were shipped, reducing the risk of disputes and errors.
6. What is a certificate of origin and why is it necessary for international transportation?	A certificate of origin is a document that certifies the country of origin of the goods being transported. It is necessary for international transportation as it is used for customs clearance and to determine tariffs and trade agreements based on the origin of the goods.
7. What are import/export licenses and why are they important in transportation?	Import/export licenses are legal permits issued by governments to authorize the import or export of specific goods. They are important in transportation as they ensure compliance with trade regulations and help prevent the illegal movement of goods across borders.
8. What is a certificate of insurance and why is it essential in transportation?	A certificate of insurance is a document that provides evidence of insurance coverage for the transportation of goods. Essential protects shipper carrier financial losses event damage loss goods transportation.
9. What are hazardous materials shipping papers and why are they important in transportation?	Hazardous materials shipping papers are documents that detail the transportation of hazardous goods. They are important in transportation as they provide critical information to carriers, emergency responders, and regulatory authorities to ensure the safe handling and transport of hazardous materials.
10. What is a letter of credit and how does it impact international transportation?	A letter of credit is a financial document issued by a bank that guarantees payment to the seller of goods upon presentation of specified documents. It impacts international transportation by providing a secure method of payment and reducing the risk of non-payment for goods delivered.

 

Legal Contract: 10 Documents Used in Transportation

This contract (“Contract”) is entered into between the parties, identified below, on this [Date].

Whereas, the parties acknowledge that the following documents are commonly used in transportation. This Contract outlines the terms and conditions for the use, processing, and retention of these documents.

Document Name	Description
Bill Lading	A document issued by a carrier to a shipper, acknowledging that goods have been received on board a vessel for shipment.
Freight Invoice	An invoice issued by the carrier to the shipper, detailing the charges for transportation services.
Shipping Contract	An agreement between the shipper and carrier outlining the terms and conditions of transportation services.
Customs Declaration	A document submitted by the shipper to customs authorities, providing information about the contents of the shipment.
Insurance Certificate	A document issued by an insurance provider, certifying coverage for the shipment during transportation.
Delivery Receipt	A document signed by the recipient acknowledging the receipt of the shipment.
Shipping Manifest	A detailed list of all goods being transported on a specific vessel or vehicle.
Carrier Liability Waiver	A legal document releasing the carrier from certain liabilities during transportation.
Export License	A government-issued document granting permission to export specific goods to a particular destination.
Import Permit	A government-issued document granting permission to import specific goods from a particular origin.

This Contract governed laws [Jurisdiction]. Any disputes arising from this Contract shall be resolved through arbitration in [City], in accordance with the rules of the [Arbitration Organization].

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract as of the date first written above.

The company outlined what types of channels will be affected by the new rules. “While these changes will affect a significant number of channels, 99 percent of those affected earned less than $100 a year last year, with 90 percent earning less than $2.50 last month. Any channel linked to a channel that no longer reaches this threshold will receive what it has already earned based on our AdSense policies. We will notify you in writing if we make any changes that may affect you. If you do not agree to the amended terms, you may stop using the relevant feature or terminate your agreement with us. Taking another person`s content, making minimal changes, and calling it your own original work would be a violation of this policy. This policy applies even if you have permission from the original creator. Reused content is separate from YouTube`s copyright enforcement, which means it is not based on copyright, permission, or fair dealing. This policy means that sometimes you won`t get any claims against your content, but your channel may still violate our reused content policies. We have not made any changes to the way we process your data. You can learn more about our privacy practices by reading YouTube Kids` Privacy Policy and Privacy Policy. As a reminder, you can check your privacy settings at any time and manage your data and personalization by visiting your Google Account. While this may be true, the many changes implemented over the past year have made it much harder for new creators to succeed on YouTube (when success means making money).

The new threshold of 1,000 subscribers/4,000 hours of viewing will be difficult to reach for those who have just launched a channel, especially with the mystery of YouTube`s algorithm, which dictates which videos are pushed in front of users` eyes. Changes made by this update to the Terms of Service will not affect the monetization settings of your YouTube Affiliate Program (YPP). For YPP creators in the U.S., the revenue Google pays you will be considered a license payment from a U.S. tax perspective as of November 18, 2020. We will be making similar changes for creators outside the U.S. in 2021. YouTubers outside the U.S. will be asked to provide U.S. tax information in AdSense in early 2021 to determine if U.S. withholding taxes apply to their payments. Companies update their terms of service at any time – this is YouTube`s third change in 2019. These latest updates appear to be consistent with the upcoming changes YouTube will make to YouTube in accordance with the Federal Trade Commission`s new guidelines, although a YouTube representative denies that these changes were made as a result of the FTC`s decision.

YouTube is constantly changing and improving the service and adapting to the world around us. We may need to make changes to the terms and conditions or rules that apply to your use of the Service, including the YouTube Partner Program Terms and Conditions, our Policies, and other contractual documents, to reflect changes to our Service or for legal, regulatory, or security reasons. In particular, many updates focus on who uses the platform and child protection. In September, the Federal Trade Commission fined Google $170 million for alleged violations of the Children`s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). YouTube has also agreed to make changes to further protect children`s privacy and comply with the law. These are changes that will take effect as a result of an update to YouTube`s Terms of Service. Other changes just seem to give YouTube more power. One of the most controversial clauses you`ve tweeted about since YouTube informed people of upcoming changes is termination.

Various creators tweeted a segment of the Terms of Service that states, “YouTube may terminate your access or your Google Account access to all or part of the Service if YouTube, in its sole discretion, believes that providing the Service to you is no longer economically viable.” Some creators have read this to mean that YouTube can simply cancel channels and accounts if they don`t generate revenue. .

£39 billion has long been mentioned as the total amount of the “divorce bill”. This is the amount the UK would owe the EU after Brexit to cover its outstanding financial obligations to the EU (e.B commitments to be paid to the EU budget by 2020). Essentially, the government agrees with Professors Begg and Reid that paying the £39 billion is part of its legal obligation to the EU. As the UK did not leave the EU on 29 March 2019, the UK continued to contribute to the EU as a member. Article 50 has been extended until 31 October 2019 and the United Kingdom`s contributions for the period from 30 March to 31 October 2019 amounted to GBP 5 billion, leaving an estimated GBP 32,8 billion (EUR 36,3 billion) to be paid as at 31 October 2019. [33] Section 50 was used until the 31st. In January 2020, and despite additional contributions to January 2020 and favourable currency fluctuations that reduced the amount payable in pounds sterling, the Estimate of the Financial Regulation as at 31 January 2020, the day the UK left the EU, rose to £32.9 billion. [3] The UK would continue to benefit from all programmes as before their withdrawal until their closure, provided that it complies with existing EU legislation. [2] He criticised Theresa May`s withdrawal agreement – which has not yet been adopted by Parliament – and suggested that it might be possible to get “another deal on the table” that was not aimed at handing over billions to Brussels. The UK and the EU have started negotiations with different perspectives on the basis of the law. The UK side saw it as a payment for preferential access to the European single market, while the EU saw it as a commitment that had previously agreed to finance the 2020 budget cycle and its share of longer-term commitments. In December 2017, negotiators agreed on the scope of these commitments and the methods of evaluation.

Estimates of more than £50 billion for a divorce bill have emerged, and concerns have been raised about whether and how much the UK should to the EU and that such a dispute could lead to a premature end to negotiations, with the UK leaving the EU without a deal. International Trade Secretary Liam Fox said it would be “absurd” for Britain to pay a large sum, and Conservative Party MP John Redwood said there was no legal basis for the claims. [12] “I never accepted that we would pay them £39 billion. Until the UK Parliament approves the draft Withdrawal Agreement, the Divorce Act will not be binding. (It has rejected the Withdrawal Agreement three times so far). In March 2018, the UK`s Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) published the UK`s economic and fiscal outlook, including details of the financial settlement estimated on 29 March 2019, the original date on which the UK was due to leave the EU, which it estimated at £37.1 billion (€41.4 billion). [31] [26] The estimated settlement consisted of: But there is more.. .

Manual layouts Order type In the ManAccrls order type field, you define the standard order type for manual provisions, e.B provisions for service discounts, or provisions for retroactive discounts. If you are processing manual deferral for a remittance contract, SAP uses this type of sales document to create the credit note request for manual remittance accumulation. The SAP discount agreement creates a transparent mechanism instead of having larger discounts for major customers and vice versa. Margins are improved through valid discount and price calculations. Both discount periods are in the same period, and the second discount is an active discount agreement. Defining condition type groups The next step in customization is to assign one or more delivery conditions to a group of condition types. You then add this group to the discount agreement type. This way, you can create the discount contract and the discount conditions associated with the same transaction. The next screen is the presentation screen of the reduction agreement. Here you enter all the information about a discount contract. A discount recipient is a customer who must receive the discount and whose sales must be tracked for the processing of the discount. The validity period represents the validity of the discount and the verification level represents the level at which you would review a sales volume report for this discount agreement. Note: The billing type “B3” is the same as “G2”.

Apart from that, we specify the value “C” for the “Discount billing” field (partial billing for a discount agreement). You can set for each discount agreement whether it should be automatically renewed or not. Select Tools -> Discount Schedule -> Reactivate or Delete in Edit Delivery mode. Notes: The following steps explain the sap delivery process: Hello experts,1. I am creating a discount contract for a customer who uses BO03. After the delivery and payment of the customer`s order, I make the final invoice (credit note request and credit note)2. I create another discount contract for the same customer with BO03 and no sales order has been created yet, but when I click on the sales volume for the discount contract, the discount calculation for the sales order is displayed in the first step and I can invoice the past sales order that has already been the subject of a settlement. Can someone explain to us why the new discount agreement includes the old sales order data for sales? Thank you! Manual layouts This check box determines whether manual layouts should be allowed for a specific type of agreement. In the SAP standard, agreement types 0002 and 0005 are configured for manual layouts. Discounts will only be paid after the expiry of the validity period of the discount contract. In this way, the system maintains an overview of all billing documents (invoices, credit notes and direct debits) relevant for processing discounts in SAP SD.

The system automatically displays the provisions. Creating provisions helps accounting to have an overview of the cumulative value of the discount. On the Client Master File Billing tab page, there is a check box to enable discounts. sales. Make sure this selection is selected for your customers in the payer role. Create discount agreements: VBO1 Easy Access- Logistics- SD- Basic data- Agreements- Discount agreements- Create an agreement type: 0002 and press Enter. In the “Overview” screen, fill in the following details: – Remittance recipients: Payout number – Currency – Validity period – Contract status: open – Then go to Conditions Icon & Filling – Material, Discount amount, Provisions and Save – Then create the sales order, delivery, pick-up, issue of goods and invoice – After that, to see the discount in the sales order cycle, go to: VF01 * ® * Access conditions (article). . .

.

In this structure, which focuses primarily and explicitly on upstream cost recovery, entrepreneurs do not have the incentives to keep costs low. The Ashok Chawla Committee on Natural Resource Allocation[1] also noted that the multi-based profit-sharing formula system with cost recovery “incentivizes (an operator) to increase its investment or follow its work plan to deal with the fact that the threshold at which government profit-taking is increasing rapidly is not reached.” The report clearly highlights the risks associated with this structure, in particular with a sharp increase in profit sharing from one base to another. Therefore, this mechanism requires close, constant and micro-monitored monitoring by the government to protect its ingestion. This is perceived by entrepreneurs as interference in business decision-making, while the government and its auditor – the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) – see it as legitimate and necessary. Since decisions are made in a joint committee, called a management committee (GC), with representatives of the government and the private party, decisions are delayed and the execution of the contract is hindered, which leads to arbitration, which has a detrimental effect on the rapid exploratory work. All the same problems are still there – the complexity of the deal and the disputes over the money. In some states, there is not even agreement on whether the drilling of allocated wells is allowed by a lease. In any case, there is a lot of money at stake. If you decide to take a PSA, talk to a competent lawyer. Production-sharing agreements were first used in Bolivia in the early 1950s, although their first implementation was similar to that of today`s Indonesia in the 1960s.

[1] Today, they are often used in the Middle East and Central Asia. Production Sharing Agreements (PSAs) are among the most common types of contractual arrangements for crude oil exploration and development. Under a PSA, the state, as the owner of mineral resources, hires a foreign oil company (FOC) as an entrepreneur to provide technical and financial services to exploration and development operations. The state is traditionally represented by the government or one of its agencies such as the National Oil Company (NOC). .

A devastated Britain had little choice. Two world wars had destroyed the country`s main industries, which paid for the import of half of the country`s food and almost all its raw materials except coal. The British had no choice but to ask for help. It was not until the United States signed an agreement on December 6, 1945, to provide Britain with $4.4 billion in aid, that the British Parliament ratified the Bretton Woods Agreements (which happened later in December 1945). [24] Despite the disintegration, the Bretton Woods Summit and the Agreement are responsible for a number of particularly important aspects in the financial world. First of all, there is the creation of the IMF and the World Bank. These two institutions are still of crucial importance to the global economy today. The financial crises of US President Richard Nixon`s term led to the end of the Bretton Woods system. During these years, the amount of dollars held abroad exceeded the value of gold reserves held by the United States, Fort Knox and elsewhere. This undermined the premise of the deal, which was that the US could still get its dollars back with its gold equivalent. In 1944, as a result of the collective conventional wisdom of the time,[15] representatives of all major Bretton Woods-allied nations jointly favored a regulated system of fixed exchange rates indirectly disciplined by a US dollar peed to gold[16] – a system based on a regulated market economy with strict controls on the value of currencies. Speculative international funding flows have been contained by being rushed and limited by central banks.

This means that international investment flows were channelled to foreign direct investment (FDI), i.e. in the construction of factories abroad and not in the international manipulation of currencies or bond markets. Although national experts disagree to some extent on the specific implementation of this system, everyone agreed on the need for strict controls. The agreement created the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), U.S.-backed organizations to oversee the new system. As chief international economist at the U.S. Treasury, Harry Dexter White drafted the U.S. plan for international access to liquidity in 1942-44, which rivaled Keynes` plan for the British Treasury. Overall, White`s plan tended to favor incentives to create price stability in global economies, while Keynes wanted a system that fostered economic growth.

.

In Finland, collective agreements are of general application. This means that a collective agreement in an industry becomes a universally applicable legal minimum for the employment contract of each individual, whether a member of a union or not. For this condition to apply, half of the workers in this sector must be unionized and therefore support the agreement. An employer and an employee who is exempt from bonuses and agreements can agree on when and how the employee can take paid annual leave. For example, you may agree that: An employee who is converted to an apprenticeship or internship without their consent may be entitled to final compensation if this is considered a termination of the employment relationship. An employer may require an employee who is free of bonuses and agreements to take paid annual leave if the requirement is reasonable. Examples, if it makes sense, are: The agreement is valid from January 1, 2016 to December 1, 2018. It contains important additions to the increases negotiated last year. The agreement is based on a framework agreement between labour market companies of 27 October 2015 and the Protocol on pension rights of 5 May 2011 and aims to ensure equality in wage developments on the basis of a common wage policy and the approximation of pension rights.

The agreement and rates can be viewed below. In Common Law, Ford v A.U.E.F. [1969][8], the courts have already ruled that collective agreements are not binding. Second, the Industrial Relations Act of 1971, introduced by Robert Carr (Minister of Labour in Edward Heath`s office), provided that collective agreements were binding unless a written contractual clause provided otherwise. After the death of the Heath government, the law was rescinded to reflect the tradition of British industrial relations policy to legally refrain from any conflict in the workplace. The two trade associations – which rather clumsily share the same office building in West London – have quarrelled because HVCA has been convinced by the demands of heavy contractors for a more homogeneous M&E sector, while the ECA has not. . . .

In accordance with IMO standards (section 2.3-2.4), IMO is responsible for all services provided by third parties as part of their registration. When services are provided on behalf of an RTO, a written agreement is required, which may be requested during the review. A third-party agreement is a written agreement that must be implemented, clearly defining the roles and responsibilities of each of the parties to the third-party agreement, including responsibilities for compliance with the quality framework for vocational training. The written agreement must be signed by each party and the RTO maintains an up-to-date record of all agreements entered into by the RTO. The following case studies are examples of NGOs developing strategies to monitor the agreement with third parties. NGOs should ensure that, where services are provided by a third party on behalf of NGOs, it is the responsibility of the RTO to ensure that compliance with all standards for CTEs is maintained. Middling RTO has entered into a number of agreements with schools for the provision and assessment of vocational training credentials for secondary school students. In each of the agreements, the school recruits students and offers delivery and assessment services. Middling RTO maintains student records and certifies successful students. Once the audits are complete, you work with the Earthly Training third party to ensure that all necessary measures and improvements will be implemented on time. Your RTO must notify ASQA if you commence or terminate an agreement with a third party. An RTO must notify the TAC within 30 calendar days of the end of the agreement.

Clause 2.3. The RTO shall ensure that, where services are provided on its behalf by a third party, the provision of those services is subject to a written agreement. . . .

5. Appointment Letter Template Once you`ve had a job interview and want to offer the job, you might want to send a brief appointment letter. This way, you can offer the job quickly to make sure the person has all the details they need to accept the offer and give their termination in their current job. Although it does not replace the contract (you still need it on the first day of their employment), it is much faster to establish than the full contract document. Amended to reflect the 2020 legislative changes. Several notice periods are required in the context of an employment/employer relationship. Both parties are required to give notice at certain locations during the employment relationship. As a general rule, termination is necessary for the following circumstances: a model employee contract can be used to formalize your employment contract with a new employee. Employee contracts contain details such as work schedules, rate of pay, employee responsibilities, etc. In case of dispute or disagreement over the conditions of employment, both parties may refer to the contract. If more detailed information is to be provided in a directive and not in the contract itself, the presentation allows you to insert the name of the corresponding policy or refer to the company manual (if applicable). It`s important that you carefully view the model to make sure it applies to your organization and the relationship you have with your employee. You need to modify the template as needed, but at every step you need to make sure that you comply with labour law and employment rules.

Seek help from an employment law specialist if you need it. UK Government Business Website Tool that allows you to create a written employment certificate. Advice, mediation and arbitration Information on the modification (modification) of an employment contract If you are certain that the role is not completed, you can propose an employment contract of indefinite duration. If the work is likely to expire at some point, the option would be a fixed-term contract. Both could be used for full-time or part-time staff. If flexibility is most important, then a zero-hour contract ensures that you will only have to pay for the hours if you need your employees. You can find other useful downloads for companies in our working time chart template, job description template and guide to personnel manuals. The proposal for an employment contract also contains proposals for the description of notice periods, working time, salary, assessments of benefits, leave, sick pay, pensions, pensions and other important employment contracts. During your period of employment with the employer, you may not work for or in competition with another employer in connection with or in competition with the company. You will disclose to your employer any other employment relationships you have and you can seek alternative employment, provided that (a.) it does not affect your ability to fulfill your obligations and (b.) you do not help another organization compete with the employer.

. . .

TAR 2301 Independent Contractor Agreement for Sales Associate is designed as an association agreement when the agent is an independent contractor with the brokerage distribution partner. State laws relating to the classification of workers and real estate licenses differ with regard to determining the correct classification of real estate licensees. Some states explicitly recognize real estate licensees as independent contractors when certain conditions are met, and others are silent about real estate licensees, so courts must apply the applicable test to determine the correct classification. That`s why it`s essential for real estate professionals to know the laws regarding the classification of workers in their states. No, if the independent contractor completes all three elements of the IRS-Carve-Out. The IRS recognizes the uniqueness of the real estate sector and has created a legal status of self-employed for real estate professionals, provided that three elements are met: 1) The person is a licensed real estate professional; (2) the bulk of their payments are directly linked to turnover or any other production and not to the number of hours worked; and (3) their services are provided under a written contract that they are not treated as workers for federal tax purposes. If these three elements are met, no federal income tax is to be withheld on the income of the real estate expert. Under many state and federal laws, the “mandatory” publication of certain acts can be seen as an indication of employer-style control over the worker. One of the characteristics of an independent contractor relationship is that the independent contractor has the ability to control where, when and how it performs its work. An agreement with an independent contractor is a very important element in setting up an independent contractor relationship with a real estate seller, but the existence of an agreement is not enough to avoid misclassification. Courts and supervisors will look at the reality of the relationship, how the parties have interfered and the control exercised by a broker over the real estate seller in order to determine the true nature of the relationship between the parties. The provision of work benefits such as health insurance, holiday pay and 401,000 contributions may be a factor that may indicate an employer-employee relationship and not that of an independent contractor.

The granting of such benefits may undermine the argument that the relationship with the worker is that of a self-employed contractor. A broker may require sellers to be members of the REALTORS® association, as this indicates to the broker the commitment of commercial agents in the real estate profession and for high ethical standards of practice. REALTOR® membership is a criterion that a broker may voluntarily require from independent contractors. The payment of contributions belonging to the realtor® association is simply a cost to obtain the “registration information” necessary to be associated with a broker who considers this criterion important. No, the qualification of an independent legal holder under IRS rules only applies to federal income taxes. Whether State income taxes should be withheld from the income of a real estate professional is a matter of national law. Brokers should review the existing national legislation under which they operate….